What are staking pools?
Staking pools are a collaborative approach to allow many with smaller amounts of ETH to obtain the 32 ETH required to activate a set of validator keys. Pooling functionality is not natively supported within the protocol, so solutions were built out separately to address this need.
Some pools operate using smart contracts, where funds can be deposited to a contract, which trustlessly manages and tracks your stake, and issues you a token that represents this value. Other pools may not involve smart contracts and are instead mediated offchain.
Why stake with a pool?
In addition to the benefits we outlined in our intro to staking, staking with a pool comes with a number of distinct benefits.
Low barrier to entry
Not a whale? No problem. Most staking pools let you stake virtually any amount of ETH by joining forces with other stakers, unlike staking solo which requires 32 ETH.
Stake today
Staking with a pool is as easy as a token swap. No need to worry about hardware setup and node maintenance. Pools allow you to deposit your ETH which enables node operators to run validators. Rewards are then distributed to contributors minus a fee for node operations.
Staking tokens
Many staking pools provide a token that represents a claim on your staked ETH and the rewards it generates. This allows you to make use of your staked ETH, e.g. as collateral in DeFi applications.
与其他选项比较
单独质押
与单独质押相比，联合质押的准入门槛显著降低，但将所有节点操作委托给第三方会带来额外的风险和费用。单独质押对质押设置的选择拥有完全的自主权和控制权。质押者永远无需交出他们的密钥，并且能够赢得完整的奖励，没有中间商赚差价。
详细了解单独质押质押即服务 (SaaS)
与质押人不运行验证者软件本身类似，但与联合质押方案不同的是，质押即服务需要正好 32 以太币的资金来激活验证者。质押人的奖励会累积，且使用服务通常需要按月付费或进行其他质押。如果你更愿意使用自己的验证者密钥并期望质押至少 32 个以太币，使用质押即服务对你来讲也许是一个好的选择。
详细了解质押即服务What to consider
Pooled or delegated staking is not natively supported by the Ethereum protocol, but given the demand for users to stake less than 32 ETH a growing number of solutions have been built out to serve this demand.
Each pool and the tools or smart contracts they use have been built out by different teams, and each comes with benefits and risks. Pools enable users to swap their ETH for a token representing staked ETH. The token is useful because it allows users to swap any amount of ETH to an equivalent amount of a yield-bearing token that generates a return from the staking rewards applied to the underlying staked ETH (and vice versa) on decentralized exchanges even though the actual ETH stays staked on the consensus layer. This means swaps back and forth from a yield-bearing staked-ETH product and "raw ETH" is quick, easy and not only available in multiples of 32 ETH.
However, these staked-ETH tokens tend to create cartel-like behaviors where a large amount of staked ETH ends up under the control of a few centralized organizations rather than spread across many independent individuals. This creates conditions for censorship or value extraction. The gold standard for staking should always be individuals running validators on their own hardware whenever possible.
More on risks of staking tokens.
Attribute indicators are used below to signal notable strengths or weaknesses a listed staking pool may have. Use this section as a reference for how we define these attributes while you're choosing a pool to join.
- 开源
- 已审核
- 漏洞悬赏
- 经过实战测试
- 去信任
- 无需许可的节点
- 执行多样性
- 共识多样性
- 流动性代币
开源
基本代码是完全开源的，可供大家分叉和使用
开源
闭源
Explore staking pools
There are a variety of options available to help you with your setup. Use the above indicators to help guide you through the tools below.
Please note the importance of choosing a service that takes client diversity seriously, as it improves the security of the network, and limits your risk. Services that have evidence of limiting majority client use are indicated with "execution client diversity" and "consensus client diversity."
Have a suggestion for a staking tool we missed? Check out our product listing policy to see if it would be a good fit, and to submit it for review.
Frequently asked questions
Further reading
- The Ethereum Staking Directory - Eridian and Spacesider
- Staking with Rocket Pool - Staking Overview - RocketPool docs
- Staking Ethereum With Lido - Lido help docs